Meta-Analysis of All-Cause Mortality According to Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D

Cedric F. Garland, June J. Kim, Sharif B. Mohr, Edward D. Gorham, William B. Grant, Edward L. Giovannucci, Leo Baggerly, Heather Hofflich, Joe W. Ramsdell, Kenneth Zeng, Robert P. Heaney

We examined the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and all-cause mortality. We searched biomedical data-bases for articles that assessed 2 or more categories of 25(OH)D from January 1, 1966, to January 15, 2013. We identified 32 studies and pooled the data.

The hazard ratio for all-cause mortality comparing the lowest (0-9 nanograms per milliliter [ng/mL]) to the highest (>30 ng/mL) category of 25(OH)D was 1.9 (95% confidence interval = 1.6, 2.2; P,.001). Serum 25 (OH)D concentrations less than or equal to 30 ng/mL were associated with higher all-cause mortality than concentrations greater than 30 ng/mL (P,.01).

Our findings agree with a National Academy of Sciences report, except the cutoff point for all-cause mortality reduction in this analysis was greater than 30 ng/mL rather than greater than 20 ng/mL. (Am J Public Health. 2014;104:e43-e50. doi:10.2015/AJPH.2014.302034)

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